Polyurethane indasitiri: yakakwirira kuwana, inorema kuunganidza
Nhoroondo Yekuvandudza yePolyurethane Indasitiri
Polyurethane (PU) i polymer resin inoumbwa neiyo condensation polymerization yeakakosha makemikari isocyanate uye polyol.Polyurethane ine zvakanakira simba rakakwirira, abrasion kuramba, kubvarura kuramba, kuita zvakanaka kuchinjika, mafuta kuramba uye kuenderana kwakanaka kweropa.Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mudzimba, midziyo yemumba, chekufambisa, kuvaka, zvinodiwa zvezuva nezuva uye mamwe maindasitiri, uye chinhu chakakosha cheinjiniya.Muna 1937, nyanzvi yemakemikari yeGermany Bayer akashandisa polyaddition reaction ye1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate uye 1,4-butanediol kugadzira linear polyamide resin, iyo yakazarura tsvakurudzo uye kushandiswa kwepolyamide resin.Munguva yeHondo Yenyika II, Germany yakagadzira chirimwa chekuyedza che polyamide chine humwe hunyanzvi hwekugadzira.Mushure meHondo Yenyika II, United States, Britain, Japan nedzimwe nyika dzakaunza tekinoroji yeGerman kuti itange kugadzira nekusimudzira polyurethane, uye indasitiri yepolyurethane yakatanga kusimukira pasi rese.nyika yangu yakatsvaga yakazvimirira uye yakagadzira polyurethane resin kubva kuma1960s, uye yave mugadziri mukuru pasi rose uye mutengi wepolyurethane.
Polyurethane yakakamurwa kuva polyester mhando uye polyether mhando.Polyurethane monomer chimiro chinonyanya kutsanangurwa nepamusoro pemvura mbishi zvinhu uye zvivakwa zvinotarirwa.Polyester mhando inoumbwa nekuita kwepolyester polyol uye isocyanate.Ndeyechimiro chakasimba uye chinowanzo shandiswa kugadzira chipanje chine furo, topcoat uye pepa repurasitiki rine kuoma kwakanyanya uye density.Polyether mhando inowanikwa nekuita kwepolyether mhando polyol uye isocyanate, uye chimiro chemolecular chikamu chakapfava.Inowanzo shandiswa mukugadzira elastic memory cotton uye shock-proof cushion.Mazhinji emazuva ano ekugadzira polyurethane maitiro remix polyester uye polyether polyols muzvikamu kuti ave nechokwadi chepakati chigadzirwa kushanduka.Iyo huru yezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane synthesis isocyanates uye polyols.Isocyanate ishoko rinowanzoreva esters yakasiyana-siyana ye isocyanic acid, inorongwa nehuwandu hwemapoka e -NCO, kusanganisira monoisocyanate RN = C = O, diisocyanate O = C = NRN = C = O uye polyisocyanate nezvimwewo;inogona zvakare kukamurwa kuita aliphatic isocyanates uye anonhuwirira isocyanates.Aromatic isocyanates parizvino inoshandiswa muhuwandu hukuru, senge diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) uye toluene diisocyanate (TDI).MDI uye TDI zvakakosha isocyanate marudzi.
Polyurethane indasitiri cheni uye maitiro ekugadzira
Iyo yepamusoro pembishi ye polyurethane inonyanya kuve isocyanates uye polyols.Zvigadzirwa zvepakati zvepakati zvinosanganisira mapurasitiki efuro, elastomers, fiber mapurasitiki, fiber, shangu dzematehwe ematehwe, machira, anonamira uye zvisimbiso uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa resin.Zvigadzirwa zvepasi zvinosanganisira midziyo yemumba, midziyo yemumba, zvekufambisa, kuvaka, uye zvinodiwa zvezuva nezuva nemamwe maindasitiri.
Indasitiri yepolyurethane ine zvipingamupinyi zvakakwirira kune tekinoroji, capital, vatengi, manejimendi uye tarenda, uye indasitiri ine zvipingamupinyi zvakakwirira zvekupinda.
1) Zvipingamupinyi zvehunyanzvi uye zvemari.Kugadzirwa kwemaisocyanates ekumusoro ndiko chinongedzo chine zvipingaidzo zvepamusoro zvehunyanzvi muketani yeindasitiri yepolyurethane.Kunyanya, MDI inoonekwa seimwe yezvigadzirwa zvakawanda zvine zvipingamupinyi zvakanyanyisa muindasitiri yemakemikari.Nzira yekugadzira isocyanate yakareba, kusanganisira nitration reaction, reduction reaction, acidification reaction, etc. Phosgene nzira parizvino ndiyo tekinoroji yekugadzirwa kwemaisocyanates mumaindasitiri, uye ndiyo chete nzira inogona kuona kugadzirwa kwakakura kwe isocyanates.Nekudaro, phosgene ine muchetura zvakanyanya, uye maitiro anofanirwa kuitwa pasi pemamiriro akasimba easidhi, ayo anoda yakakwirira michina uye maitiro.Mukuwedzera, isocyanate makomisheni akadai seMDI neTDI zviri nyore kuita nemvura uye kuora, uye panguva imwe chete, nzvimbo yechando yakaderera, iyo idambudziko guru kune teknolojia yekugadzira.2) Zvipingamupinyi zvevatengi.Hunhu hwezvinhu zvepolyurethane huchakanganisa zvakananga kuita kwezvigadzirwa mumaindasitiri akasiyana epasi.Vatengi vakasiyana havazoshandure vatengesi nyore nyore mushure mekuona yavo yezvigadzirwa, saka zvinogadzira zvipingamupinyi kune vatsva vanopinda muindasitiri.3) Management uye tarenda zvipingamupinyi.Kutarisana neyakapararira yemhando yemhando yevatengi vepasi, iyo polyurethane indasitiri inofanirwa kugadzira yakazara seti yezvakanyanya kugadzirwa, kugadzira, kutengesa uye masevhisi masisitimu, uye panguva imwecheteyo, inoda kurima epamusoro-level vashandi vane hupfumi hwekugadzira manejimendi ruzivo. uye zvipingamupinyi zvehutungamiri zvepamusoro.
MDI Quotes: Kudiwa kunodzoreredzwa, yakakwira simba mari inogona kudzikisira mhiri kwemakungwa
MDI nhoroondo yemutengo maitiro uye cyclical ongororo
Kugadzirwa kwemukati meMDI kwakatanga muma1960s, asi kwakaganhurirwa nehuwandu hwetekinoroji, kudiwa kwepamba kunonyanya kuvimba nekutenga kunze kwenyika uye mitengo yakakwira.Kubva pakutanga kwezana ramakore rechi21, sezvo Wanhua Chemical zvishoma nezvishoma yakabata tekinoroji yekugadzira MDI, huwandu hwekugadzira hwakawedzera nekukurumidza, kuwanikwa kwepamba kwakatanga kukanganisa mitengo, uye cyclicality yemitengo yeMDI yakatanga kuoneka.Kubva pakuona kwemitengo yenhoroondo, mutengo weMDI yakaunganidzwa wakafanana neiyo yeMDI yakachena, uye kutenderera kukwira kana kudzika kwemutengo weMDI kungangoita makore maviri-3.58.1% quantile, mutengo wevhiki nevhiki wakawedzera ne6.9%, mutengo wepamwedzi wakaderera ne2.4%, uye kuderera kwegore-kusvika-zuva kwaiva 10.78%;yakachena MDI yakavharwa pa21,500 yuan / tani, pa 55.9% quantile yemutengo wenhoroondo, nevhiki nevhiki avhareji yemutengo wekuwedzera we4.4%, mutengo wepamwedzi wepakati wakadonha 2.3%, uye gore-kusvika-zuva kuwedzera kwaive 3.4%.Mutengo wekufambisa dhizaini weMDI wakatsetseka, uye iyo yakakwira yemutengo kazhinji ndiyo yakakwira yekupararira.Isu tinotenda kuti iyi kutenderera kweMDI kukwira kutenderera kunotanga muna Chikunguru 2020, kunyanya ine chekuita nekukanganisa kwedenda uye mhiri kwemakungwa simba majeure pachiyero chekushanda.Avhareji MDI mutengo muna 2022 inotarisirwa kuramba yakakwira.
Kubva munhoroondo data, hapana chiri pachena mwaka muMDI mitengo.Muna 2021, mutengo wepamusoro weMDI wakasanganiswa uchaonekwa muchikamu chekutanga nechechina.Kuumbwa kwemutengo wepamusoro mukota yekutanga kunonyanya kukonzerwa neKusvika kweChitsuwa Mutambo, kuderera kweiyo indasitiri yekushanda kwehuwandu uye kusangana kwevagadziri vepasi pamberi pemutambo.Kuumbwa kwemitengo yakakwira muchikamu chechina kunyanya kunobva kumari yekutsigira pasi pe "kutonga kaviri kwesimba rekushandisa".Avhareji mutengo weaggregated MDI mukota yekutanga ye2022 yaive 20,591 yuan/ton, yakadzika 0.9% kubva pachikamu chechina cha2021;avhareji mutengo weMDI yakachena mukota yekutanga yaive 22,514 yuan/ton, yakakwira 2.2% kubva pachikamu chechina cha2021.
Mitengo yeMDI inotarisirwa kuramba yakasimba muna 2022. Mutengo wepakati weMDI yakasanganiswa (Yantai Wanhua, East China) muna 2021 ichava 20,180 yuan/ton, kuwedzera kwegore negore kwe35.9% uye 69.1% quantile yezvakaitika kare. mutengo.Mukutanga kwa2021, mamiriro ekunze akanyanya mhiri kwemakungwa aigara achiitika, denda rakakanganisa kutakura kwekutakura kunze kwenyika, uye mitengo yekunze kweMDI yakakwira zvakanyanya.Kunyangwe mitengo yeMDI parizvino yakakwira zvishoma pane yenhoroondo yepakati, isu tinotenda kuti kutenderera uku kweMDI mutengo kukwira kutenderera hakusati kwapera.Mitengo yakakwira yemafuta negasi inotsigira mutengo weMDI, nepo hutsva hwekugadzira MDI muna 2022 hushoma uye huwandu hwese huchiri kusimba, saka mitengo inotarisirwa kuramba yakasimba.
Supply: Kuwedzera kwakasimba, kuwedzera kushoma muna 2022
Wanhua Chemical's kugadzirwa kwekuwedzera kukurumidza kumhanyisa kupfuura kwevakwikwidzi vekunze.Sekambani yekutanga yepamba yekugona tekinoroji yekugadzira MDI, Wanhua Chemical yave mugadziri mukuru we MDI pasirese.Muna 2021, huwandu hwese hwepasi rose hwekugadzira MDI huchave hunosvika mamirioni gumi nemazana maviri nematani ematani, uye hutsva hwekugadzira huchabva kuWanhua Chemical.Wanhua Chemical's yepasi rose kugadzirwa kwehuwandu hwemusika yasvika 25.9%.Muna 2021, huwandu hwese hwekugadzira MDI hwemukati huchave hunenge 3.96 miriyoni matani, uye zvinobuda zvichange zvichisvika 2.85 miriyoni matani, kuwedzera kwe27.8% zvichienzaniswa nezvakabuda muna 2020. Pamusoro pekukanganiswa nedenda muna 2020, mudzimba. Kugadzirwa kweMDI kwakachengetedza kukurumidza kukura mumakore achangopfuura, neCAGR ye10.3% kubva 2017 kusvika 2021. Kubva pakuona kwekumhanya kwekuwedzera kwenyika mune ramangwana, kuwedzera kukuru kucharamba kuchibva kuWanhua Chemical, uye purojekiti yekuwedzera yemumba ichaita. kutanga kushanda kupfuura nyika dzekunze.Musi waMay 17, maererano newebsite yepamutemo yeShaanxi Chemical Construction, Gao Jiancheng, munyori wekambani uye sachigaro wekambani, akakokwa kuti apinde musangano wekusimudzira chirongwa cheWanhua Chemical (Fujian) MDI, uye akasaina hurongwa hwekufambira mberi kwekuvaka tsamba yebasa neWanhua Chemical. (Fujian) kuve nechokwadi Kuzadzikisa chinangwa chekugadzira cheprojekiti munaNovember 30, 2022.
Kudiwa: Chiyero chekukura chakakwira kupfuura chinopihwa, uye zvekuvakisa zvekuvakisa uye formaldehyde-isina mabhodhi anounza kukura kutsva.
Global MDI yekuda kukura inotarisirwa kudarika kukura kwekupa.Zvinoenderana nedata reCovestro, iyo MDI yepasi rose mu2021 ingangoita 9.2 miriyoni matani, ine CAGR ye4% muna 2021-2026;iyo MDI yepasi rose inodiwa ingangoita 8.23 miriyoni matani, ine CAGR ye6% muna 2021-2026.Sekureva kwaHuntsman data, iyo yepasirese MDI huwandu CAGR ndeye 2.9% muna 2020-2025, uye yepasi rose MDI inoda CAGR ingangoita 5-6% muna 2020-2025, iyo huwandu hwekugadzira muAsia huchawedzera kubva pamamiriyoni mashanu ematani muna 2020. kusvika 2025 mamiriyoni 6.2 matani, indasitiri polyurethane ane tariro pamusoro MDI kudiwa mumakore mashanu anotevera.
Tichiri netarisiro pamusoro penguva refu yeMDI kunze kwenyika mamiriro.Kubva pakuona kwechimiro chekunze kunze kwenyika muna 2021, United States ndiyo inonyanya kutengesa kunze kwenyika MDI yenyika yangu, uye huwandu hwekutengesa kunze kwenyika muna 2021 huchasvika 282,000 matani, gore negore kuwedzera kwe122.9%.Zhejiang, Shandong neShanghai ndiwo mapurovhinzi makuru ekutengesa kunze kwenyika (matunhu) munyika yangu, iyo huwandu hweZhejiang kunze kwenyika hwakasvika 597,000 matani, gore negore kuwedzera kwe78,7%;Kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kweShandong kwakasvika 223,000 matani, gore negore kuwedzera kwe53.7%.Sekureva kweiyo yakadzika dhata rezvivakwa, huwandu hwekutengesa kwedzimba nyowani muUnited States huri kupfuura mushure-denda rekudzoreredza, mudzimba real estate investment inogona kusangana nekuchinja, uye kudzoreredza mukudiwa kwezvivakwa kunotarisirwa kuwedzera kudiwa kweMDI. .
Iyo gross profit margin yeWanhua Chemical mukota ine mutambo wakanaka nekupararira kwemutengo weaggregated MDI mukota.Iyo huru yemidziyo ye MDI ndeye aniline.Kuburikidza nekuverenga kweiyo theoretical mutengo musiyano, zvinogona kuwanikwa kuti mutengo wepolymerized MDI ine yakanaka kutapurirana michina, uye mutengo wepamusoro unowanzo mutsauko wemutengo wepamusoro.Panguva imwecheteyo, kupararira kwemutengo weMDI yakasanganiswa ine mutsara wakanaka neiyo gross profit margin yeWanhua Chemical mukota, uye shanduko ye gross profit margin mune mamwe makota inosarira kumashure kwekuchinja kwemutengo kupararira, kana kune hukama ne inventory kutenderera kwemabhizinesi.
Mari yakakwira simba inogona kuramba ichidzikamisa mhiri kwemakungwa MDI kupa.Xinhua Finance, Frankfurt, June 13th, German energy regulator Klaus Müller, mukuru weFederal Network Agency, akataura kuti Nord Stream 1 Baltic Pipeline ichaita kugadzirisa muzhizha, uye kugoverwa kwegasi rechisikigo kubva kuRussia kuenda kuGermany neWestern Europe kuchaita. kuderedzwa munguva yezhizha.inogona kudonha zvakanyanya.Europe's MDI yekugadzira huwandu hunoita inosvika makumi matatu muzana ehuwandu hwepasirese.Kuenderera mberi kwakasimba kwesimba refossil kunogona kumanikidza vagadziri vekunze kweMDI kuderedza mitoro yavo, uye kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kweMDI kunogona kukonzera kuwedzera muzhizha.
Wanhua ine zvakanakira mutengo.Tichitarisa kubva munhoroondo yeavhareji mutengo wemafuta asina kuchena / gasi chaiwo uye mutengo wekutengesa kwemakambani makuru epolyurethane, maitiro ekutengesa mutengo wemakambani ekumhiri kwemakungwa ari pedyo neaya emafuta asina kukora uye gasi chaiwo mitengo.Huwandu hwekuwedzera kweWanhua Chemical hwakakwira kupfuura hwemakambani ekumhiri kwemakungwa, kana kukanganisa kwemitengo yezvinhu zvisina kusimba pane zvemakambani ekumhiri kwemakungwa.makambani ekumhiri kwemakungwa.Kubva pamaonero ehurongwa hwemaindasitiri echeni, Wanhua Chemical neBASF, ine petrochemical indasitiri cheni uye ine zviripachena mabhenefiti ekubatanidza, ane zvakawanda zvakanakira mutengo kupfuura Covestro naHuntsman.
Kupesana nemashure ekukwira kwemitengo yesimba, zvakanakira kubatanidzwa zviri kuwedzera kutariswa.Sekureva kwaHuntsman data, panosvika 2024, kambani inoronga kuita chirongwa chekugadzirisa mutengo weUS $ 240 miriyoni, iyo optimization yenzvimbo yechirimwa yepolyurethane ichabatsira mari inosvika US$60 miriyoni mukuderedza mutengo.Sekureva kwaCovestro, kuwedzera kwemari kubva kumapurojekiti ekubatanidza kuchasvika 120 miriyoni euros panosvika 2025, iyo inodhura mapurojekiti ekugadzirisa anozopa mamirioni makumi masere emaeuro.
TDI musika: Chaicho chinobuda chakaderera pane chaitarisirwa, uye kune nzvimbo yakakwana yemutengo kumusoro
TDI nhoroondo yemutengo maitiro uye cyclical ongororo
Maitiro ekugadzira eTDI akaomarara, uye chigadzirwa chine huturu hwepamusoro uye chinopisa uye chinoputika kupfuura MDI.Kubva pakuongorora kwemutengo wenhoroondo, maitiro emutengo weTDI neMDI akafanana asi kushanduka kuri pachena, kana kune chekuita nekusagadzikana kwekugadzirwa kweTDI.Kubva munaChikumi 17, 2022, TDI (East China) yakavharwa pa17,200 yuan/tani, pachikamu che31.1% chemitengo yenhoroondo, neavhareji yemutengo wevhiki nevhiki wekuwedzera we1.3%, avhareji yemutengo wekuwedzera we0.9%, uye gore -kusvika-zuva kuwedzera kwe12.1%.Kubva pane cyclical point yekuona, kutenderera kwepamusoro kana kudzika kwemitengo yeTDI zvakare kungangoita makore 2-3.Kuenzaniswa neMDI, mitengo yeTDI uye mitengo inochinja zvakanyanya, uye mitengo iri nyore kumanikidza majeure nedzimwe nhau munguva pfupi.Iyi kutenderera kweTDI kukwira kutenderera kunogona kutanga kubva muna Kubvumbi 2020, iyo inonyanya kuenderana nekusagadzikana kweiyo TDI kumisikidzwa uye yakaderera-pane-inotarisirwa kubuda chaiko.Kuenzaniswa neMDI, mutengo wazvino weTDI uri padanho rekare rakaderera, uye kumusoro kungave kuri pachena.
Mitengo yeTDI inotarisirwa kuramba ichikwira muna 2022. Mutengo wepakati weTDI (East China) muna 2021 i14,189 yuan/ton, kuwedzera kwe18.5% gore negore, uye iri pa22.9% quantile yemutengo wenhoroondo. .Iyo yakakwira yemitengo yeTDI muna 2021 yaive mukota yekutanga, zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuti vagadziri vepasi vakazadza zororo risati rasvika, midziyo yemhiri kwemakungwa uye yekugadziriswa kwekugadzirisa kwaive kushoma, uye indasitiri yekugadzira yaive padanho rakaderera mugore.Mutengo wepakati weTDI muchikamu chekutanga che2022 i18,524 yuan/ton, kuwedzera kwe28.4% kubva pachikamu chechina che2021. Kuenzaniswa neMDI, mutengo weTDI uchiri wakaderera munhoroondo, uye kune imba huru yemutengo kumusoro.
Supply uye yekuda pateni: yenguva refu yakasimba chiyero, kugadzikana kwemidziyo kunokanganisa kubuda chaiko
Parizvino, kunyangwe huwandu hwepasi rose hwekugadzira TDI hwakawandisa, chiyero chekukura kwekudiwa chinodarika mwero wekukura kwekupa, uye iyo yenguva refu yekugovera uye yekuda maitiro eTDI inogona kuchengetedza chiyero chakasimba.Zvinoenderana nedata reCovestro, iyo yepasi rose TDI inopa ingangoita 3.42 miriyoni matani, ine CAGR ye2% muna 2021-2026;iyo TDI yepasi rose inodiwa ingangoita 2.49 miriyoni matani, ine CAGR ye5% muna 2021-2026.
Pasi pemamiriro ekudarika, vagadziri vanowedzera nekuchenjera kugadzirwa.Kuenzaniswa neMDI, TDI ine mapurojekiti mashoma ekuwedzera masimba, uye hapana kuwedzera kwesimba mu2020 uye 2021. Kuwedzera kukuru mumakore maviri anotevera kuchauyawo kubva kuWanhua Chemical, iyo inoronga kuwedzera iyo 100,000 matani / gore kugona muFujian kusvika. 250,000 matani / gore.Iyo purojekiti inosanganisira nitrification unit ye 305,000 tani / gore, hydrogenation unit ye200,000 matani / gore, uye photochemical unit ye250,000 tani / gore;mushure mekunge chirongwa ichi chasvika pakugadzirwa, chinotarisirwa kuburitsa matani mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu ezviuru zveTDI, 6,250 matani eOTDA, 203,660 matani eiyo yakaoma hydrogen chloride uye hydrochloric acid.70,400 matani.Zvinoenderana newebhusaiti yepamutemo yeFuqing Municipal People's Government, chirongwa chekuwedzera chawana TDI yekumisikidza chiteshi uye chiteshi chekugovera, rezinesi rekuvaka reTDI kabati rekuvaka, uye rezinesi rekuvaka reTDI refrigeration station.Inotarisirwa kuiswa mukushanda muna 2023.
Kusagadzikana kwemidziyo kunokanganisa kubuda chaiko.Sekureva kweBaichuan Yingfu data, iyo yepamba TDI yakabuda muna 2021 ichave ingangoita 1.137 miriyoni matani, inoenderana neanoshanda chiyero chepagore che80%.Kunyangwe iyo yepasirese TDI yekugadzira huwandu hwakawandisa, muna 2021, TDI zvivakwa kumba nekune dzimwe nyika zvichakanganiswa kune akasiyana dhigirii nemamiriro ekunze akanyanya, kuwanikwa kwezvinhu uye kutadza kwehunyanzvi, kuburitsa chaiko kuchave kwakadzikira pane zvaitarisirwa, uye indasitiri yekugadzira ichave. kuramba kuderera.Sekureva kwaBaichuan Yingfu, muna Chikumi 9, 2022, vakakanganiswa nekurova kwevatyairi vemarori emuno muSouth Korea, michina yeHanwha TDI yemuno (50,000 matani paseti) yakaderedzwa, uye kuendeswa kweKumho MDI masosi kwakanonoka, izvo. yakakanganisa zvinhu zvemazuva ano zve polyurethane kusvika pamwero wakati.kuchiteshi.Panguva imwecheteyo, mafekitori mazhinji anotarisirwa kuvandudzwa muna Chikumi, uye kuwanda kweTDI kwakasimba.
Sekureva kweBaichuan Yingfu data, iyo chaiyo yekushandisa TDI muna 2021 ichave inenge 829,000 matani, gore negore kuwedzera kwe4.12%.Iyo yakadzika yeTDI inonyanya kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvesiponji senge upholstered fenicha.Muna 2021, chipanje uye zvigadzirwa zvichaverengera 72% yeTDI yekushandisa.Kubva 2022, kukura kwechido cheTDI kwakadzikira, asi sezvo kudzika kwakadzika senge fenicha yakasimudzwa uye machira zvishoma nezvishoma kupora kubva mudenda, kushandiswa kweTDI kunotarisirwa kuramba kuchikura.
ADI uye humwe hunyanzvi isocyanates: misika mitsva uye iri kusimukira
Musika weADI mumunda wejasi uri kuvhura zvishoma nezvishoma
Kuenzaniswa neanonhuwirira isocyanates, aliphatic uye alicyclic isocyanates (ADI) vane hunhu hwekusimba kwemamiriro ekunze uye kushomeka kweyero.Hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) inowanzoitika ADI, isina ruvara kana kuti yero zvishoma, uye yakaderera viscosity, inonhuwa inonhuwa mvura pakamuri tembiricha.Sechigadzirwa chekugadzirwa kwepolyurethane, HDI inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzirwa kwepolyurethane (PU) mavarnish uye epamusoro-giredhi coatings, mota refinish coatings, epurasitiki coatings, yepamusoro-giredhi huni coatings, maindasitiri coatings uye anti-corrosion coatings. pamwe chete ne elastomers, adhesives, textile finishing agents, etc. Pamusoro pekudzivirira kwemafuta uye kusagadzikana kwekusapfeka, iyo yakawanikwa PU coating ine maitiro ekusaita yero, kuchengetedza ruvara, chaki kuramba, uye kunze kwekunze kwekudzivirira.Mukuwedzera, inoshandiswawo mupendi yekurapa agent, high polymer adhesive, low temperature adhesive for print paste, collar copolymer coating, fixed enzyme adhesive, etc. Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) zvakare inoshandiswa zvakanyanya ADI.Sechinhu chakabikwa chekugadzirwa kwepolyurethane, IPDI yakakodzera kugadzirwa kwepolyurethanes ine kugadzikana kwakanaka kwechiedza, kusamira kwemamiriro ekunze uye yakanakisa mechanical properties.Kunyanya akakodzera kugadzirwa kwe elastomers, mabhanhire emvura, polyurethane dispersants uye photocurable urethane-modified acrylates.
Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika, uye mutengo weADI kazhinji wakakwira kupfuura weMDI neTDI.Kutora HDI ine chikamu chepamusoro-soro chemusika pakati peADIs semuenzaniso, hexamethylenediamine ndiyo huru yezvigadzirwa zveHDI kugadzirwa.Parizvino, 1 toni yeHDI inogadzirwa uye inenge 0.75 matani ehexanediamine inopedzwa.Kunyangwe iyo nzvimbo yeadiponitrile uye hexamethylene diamine iri kuenderera mberi, kugadzirwa kwazvino kweHDI kuchiri kuvimba neadiponitrile uye hexamethylene diamine, uye mutengo wese wechigadzirwa wakakwira zvakati.Zvinoenderana nedatha yeTiantian Chemical Network, mutengo wepakati wepagore weHDI muna 2021 ungangoita 85,547 yuan/ton, gore negore kuwedzera kwe74.2%;mutengo wepagore weIPDI ungangoita 76,000 yuan/ton, gore negore kuwedzera kwe9.1%.
Wanhua Chemical yave yechipiri yakakura kwazvo ADI mugadziri munyika
Kugona kwekugadzira kweADI kwakawedzerwa zvishoma nezvishoma, uye Wanhua Chemical yaita mabudiro muHDI uye zvinobuda, IPDI, HMDI nezvimwe zvigadzirwa.Maererano nedheta yeXinsijie Industry Research Center, huwandu hwehuwandu hwekugadzirwa kwepasi rose ADI industry huchasvika 580,000 matani / gore muna 2021. Nekuda kwezvipingamupinyi zvepamusoro zvekupinda mumhizha, kune makambani mashoma pasi rose anogona kugadzira ADI. pamwero mukuru, kunyanya kusanganisira Covestro, Evonik, BASF kuGermany, Asahi Kasei muJapan, Wanhua Chemical, uye Rhodia muFrance, pakati payo Covestro ndiye mutengesi mukuru weADI pasi rose ane simba rekugadzira gore negore re220,000 matani, achiteverwa neWanhua Chemical. nehuwandu hwekugadzira hwepagore hunosvika 140,000 matani.NeWanhua Ningbo's 50,000-ton/gore HDI chirimwa chakaiswa mukugadzirwa, Wanhua Chemical's ADI yekugadzira huwandu huchawedzerwa.
Akakosha uye akagadziridzwa isocyanates anoenderera mberi nekuwana budiriro.Parizvino, nyika yangu yechinyakare inonhuhwirira isocyanates (MDI, TDI) iri munzvimbo inotungamira pasirese.Pakati pealiphatic isocyanates (ADI), HDI, IPDI, HMDI uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvakabata yakazvimirira tekinoroji yekugadzira, XDI, PDI uye mamwe akakosha isocyanates akapinda mudanho rekutyaira, TDI -TMP uye mamwe akagadziridzwa isocyanates (isocyanate adducts) akaita zvakakosha tekinoroji. kubudirira.Special isocyanates uye yakagadziridzwa isocyanates zvinhu zvakakosha zvekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro zvepolurethane, uye zvinoita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira chimiro chezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane.Nekuenderera mberi kwekufambira mberi kwebudiriro yetekinoroji, Wanhua Chemical nemamwe makambani vakawanawo budiriro yetekinoroji muminda yeakakosha isocyanates uye isocyanate adducts, uye vari kutarisirwa kutungamira nyika munzira itsva.
Polyurethane mabhizinesi: yakasimba rebound mukuita muna 2021, ine tarisiro nezvemusika.
Wanhua Chemical
Yakavambwa muna 1998, Wanhua Chemical inonyanya kuita R&D, kugadzira uye kutengesa kwakazara kwemhando yezvigadzirwa zve polyurethane zvakaita se isocyanates uye polyols, petrochemical zvigadzirwa zvakaita se acrylic acid uye ester, zvinoshanda senge mvura-based coatings, uye makemikari akasarudzika. .Ndiyo kambani yekutanga munyika yangu kuve muridzi weMDI Iri bhizinesi rine yakazvimirira kodzero yepfuma yekugadzira tekinoroji, uye zvakare iri hombe polyurethane mutengesi mudunhu reAsia-Pacific uye inokwikwidza MDI inogadzira pasi rose.
Huyero hwekugadzira huwandu hune mukana wakakura, uye hunoisa kukosha kuR&D uye hunyanzvi kutanga.Kubva pakupera kwa2021, Wanhua Chemical ine huwandu hwekugadzira huwandu hwe4.16 miriyoni matani / gore re polyurethane series zvigadzirwa (kusanganisira 2.65 miriyoni matani / gore yemapurojekiti eMDI, 650,000 matani / gore remapurojekiti eTDI, uye 860,000 matani / gore re polyether. mapurojekiti).Kubva pakupera kwa2021, Wanhua Chemical ine vashandi veR&D zviuru zvitatu nemazana maviri nenhanhatu, vanoverengera 16% yehuwandu hwekambani, uye yakaisa mari inosvika 3.168 bhiriyoni yeyuan muR&D, ichiverengera 2.18% yemari yayo yekushandisa.Munguva yekuzivisa nguva ye2021, Wanhua Chemical yechizvarwa chechitanhatu MDI tekinoroji yakabudirira kushandiswa muYantai MDI chirimwa, ichiwana kushanda kwakagadzikana kwematani miriyoni 1.1 pagore;iyo yakazvigadzira yega hydrogen chloride inokonzeresa oxidation chlorine yekugadzira tekinoroji yaive yanyatsokura uye yakapedzwa, uye yakapfupikiswa yeChemical Vhiki Maitiro Akanakisa ekusimudzira budiriro muna 2021;yakazvigadzira yakakura-yakakura PO/SM, inoenderera DMC polyether tekinoroji uye mitsva yakatevedzana yeanonhuwirira polyester polyols yakabudirira maindasitiri, uye zviratidzo zvechigadzirwa zvasvika padanho rezvigadzirwa zvepamusoro.
Kukura kweWanhua Chemical kuri nani pane kwevakwikwidzi vepasirese.Kubatsirwa nemabhenefiti ezviyero uye mutengo, Wanhua Chemical yegore-pa-gore kukura kwemari muna 2021 yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura yevakwikwidzi vepasirese, uye mari yekushandisa mukota yekutanga ya2022 inochengetedza yakakura kukura.Nekuwedzera kwekubuda kwemabhenefiti ezviyero uye nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kweMDI kunze kwenyika, Wanhua Chemical icharamba ichiwedzera musika weMDI uye kugadzira akawanda ekukura mapoinzi muzvikamu zvepetrochemical uye zvitsva zvezvinhu.(Chirevo chinyorwa: Future Funga Tank)
BASF (BASF)
BASF SE ndiyo kambani hombe yemakemikari pasi rose ine anopfuura zana nemakumi matanhatu-akazara-varidzi vemakambani kana masangano akabatana munyika makumi mana neimwe muEurope, Asia neAmerica.Inotungamirwa muLudwigshafen, Germany, kambani ndiyo hombe yakazara yakazara yemakemikari chigadzirwa base munyika.Bhizinesi rekambani rinobata hutano uye hutano (Nutrition & Care), machira uye dhayi (Surface Technologies), makemikari ekutanga (Chemicals), epamusoro-performance mapurasitiki uye precursors (Zvishandiso), resin uye zvimwe zvekushandisa (Industrial Solutions), kurima (Kurima. Solutions) Solutions) nemamwe minda, umo isocyanates (MDI neTDI) ndeye monomer segment (Monomer) mune yepamusoro-performance mapurasitiki uye precursors segment (Zvinhu), uye huwandu hwese hwekugadzira hweBASF isocyanate (MDI + TDI) muna 2021 inenge mamiriyoni 2.62 matani.Maererano neshumo yegore negore yeBASF ye2021, machira uye dhayi ndiyo chikamu chikuru chemari yekambani, inoverengera 29% yemari yayo muna 2021. R&D investimendi ingangoita 296 miriyoni euros, kusanganisira kutora uye kumwe kudyara kwe1.47 bhiriyoni euros;mapurasitiki epamusoro-soro uye The precursor segment (Zvishandiso) ndicho chikamu chine chikamu chechipiri chikuru chemari, chinoverengera 19% yemari muna 2021, uye R&D investimendi ingangoita 193 miriyoni euros, kusanganisira kutora uye kumwe kudyara kwe709 miriyoni euros.
Musika weChinese uri kuwedzera kutariswa.Zvinoenderana nedata reBASF, panosvika 2030, zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu zvekuwedzera kwemakemikari epasi rose zvichabva kuChina, uye makumi mapfumbamwe emapurojekiti makumi matatu ekuwedzera akaburitswa mushumo wegore reBASF wa2021 ari munyika yangu.BASF's Guangdong (Zhanjiang) yakasanganiswa base ndiyo yakakura yeBASF yekudyara mhiri kwemakungwa chirongwa kusvika parizvino.Zvinoenderana nekuburitswa kweEIA, mari yese yeprojekiti ingangoita 55.362 bhiriyoni yuan, iyo yekuvaka inosvika 50.98 bhiriyoni yuan.Iyo purojekiti yakarongerwa kutanga kuvakwa muchikamu chekutanga cha2022, uye ichapedzwa uye ichaiswa muchikamu chechitatu che2025, paine nguva yekuvaka inokwana mwedzi makumi mana nemiviri.Mushure mekunge chirongwa ichi chapedzwa uye chaiswa mukushanda, avhareji yemari yegore yekushanda ichave 23.42 bhiriyoni yuan, avhareji yegore rose purofiti ichava 5.24 bhiriyoni yuan, uye avhareji yegore rose purofiti ichava 3.93 bhiriyoni yuan.Zvinotarisirwa kuti gore rekugadzira rakajairwa rechirongwa ichi richapa mari inosvika 9.62 bhiriyoni yuan yemaindasitiri akawedzera kukosha gore rega rega.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-23-2022